
When C1 and C2 are charged, current flows through R1 and R2 into the base of Q1, making Q1 fully conductive. The Zener diod

Input with AC 90~264V, 50/60Hz voltage frequency, Topow 12V1A adapters are certified with strict global safety and energy s

The resistors R1 and R2 are usually the discharge resistors of the energy storage capacitors C1 and C2. After they are swit

Overvoltage protection technology can be roughly divided into the following three categories The first category: simple th